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Problems Of The Prostate

Having an enlarged prostate gland isn’t necessarily a threat to your health but it can seriously restrict your life.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) affects 50 per cent of men by the age of 60. But there is help at hand for those who suffer the side-effects.

The prostate gland is about the size of a walnut and is situated at the base of the bladder in men. As a man gets older the gland gets larger. There’s no way to prevent this and it’s not known why some men get symptoms while other don’t.

The prostate is a compound tubuloalveolar exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system.

Prostate and nearby organs

What Are The Symptoms?

When the prostate gets bigger it can obstruct the normal flow of urine from the bladder. You might have to go to the toilet more often, especially at night.

It may be difficult to start to pee and when you do, the flow isn’t as strong as it used to be. Finally when you think you’ve emptied your bladder you find you have a little bit left over.

If the gland gets really big then it can stop you peeing altogether which is very painful.

If you think you have a problem then see your doctor who will examine you and may send you for a scan.

Treatment

An enlarged prostate can be treated by tablets that relax the prostate muscle or others that stop the growth of the gland.

Some herbal remedies, like rye grass pollen or saw palmetto may help too, although their usefulness hasn’t been proven.

For patients with mild cases of BPH, or those in the early stages, physicians will usually recommend a “watchful waiting” approach.

Some men with BPH do not experience any interference with bladder function and may live out their lives without treatment. Doctors will, however, recommend regular checkups.

Initially, BPH patients may be able to reduce symptoms by making lifestyle changes such as limiting beverages in the evening; limiting caffeine, alcohol or diuretics; and limiting decongestants or antihistamines.

Staying active and warm can also help, because inactivity and colder temperatures can cause urine retention. Quickly responding to the urge to urinate is also important, because waiting too long may overstretch and damage the bladder muscle.

Alpha-blockers, drugs that relax muscles, may be prescribed to ease constriction around the neck of the bladder, which can be pinched when the prostate grows. For BPH patients, these alpha-blockers may be prescribed: tamsulosin (Flomax), alfuzosin (Uroxatral), terazosin (Hytrin) or doxazosin (Cardura).

Another class of drugs, DHT blockers such as finasteride (Proscar) and dutasteride (Avodart), may also be helpful because they prevent testosterone from being converted to the hormone DHT (dihydrotes-testosterone), and can help shrink the prostate.

Research by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases has found that using a two-drug combination of finasteridewith doxazosin can be more effective than using either drug alone to relieve symptoms and prevent BPH from progressing.

Conventional surgery may also be recommended to treat BPH. One procedure, transurethral resection of the prostate, involves scraping or removing part of the prostate that may be blocking the urethra.

Surgery

If your symptoms are very bad then surgery may be the best option. This usually involves cutting away some of the prostate gland so that urine can flow more easily from the bladder.

Newer techniques use lasers or microwave technology and have fewer side-effects.

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