"Official medicines" is the best online drugstore.

World’s leading meds delivered to your door – and you don’t even need a prescription! Only certified, first class drugs on offer! Buy more and spend less with our great discount system.

The meds you need, reliable and hassle free! Top products of top brands.

The only pharmacy shop you will ever need! Approved drugs available without prescription. Best deals, unmatched service and shipping. 100% safe!


(ih-truh-KAHN-uh-zole)
Sporanox
Class: Anti-infective/Antifungal

 Action Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol, which is a vital component of fungal cell membranes. Also inhibits endogenous respiration, causes accumulation of phospholipids and unsaturated fatty acids within fungal cells, and disrupts chitin synthesis.

 Indications

Capsules/Injection: Treatment of blastomycosis, aspergillosis, and histoplasmosis fungal infections. Capsules: Treatment of onychomycosis of the toenail or fingernail due to dermatophytes in nonimmunocompromised patients. Oral solution: Treatment of oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis. Unlabeled use(s): Treatment of other fungal infections (superficial mycoses [eg, dermatophytoses]; systemic mycoses [eg, candidiasis, cryptococcus]; and miscellaneous fungal infections [eg, SC mycoses, cutaneous Leishmaniasis]).

 Contraindications Coadministration with pimozide, quinidine, triazolam, or oral midazolam, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors metabolized by the P450 3A enzyme system (eg, lovastatin, simvastatin); not for treatment of onychomycosis in pregnant women or women contemplating pregnancy.

 Route/Dosage

Blastomycosis, aspergillosis, histoplasmosis

ADULTS: PO 200 to 400 mg/day. Give doses > 200 mg in 2 divided doses. IV 200 mg bid for 4 doses, followed by 200 mg/day. Infuse over 1 hour. Continue IV for 14 days followed by PO for ³ 3 months and until clinical parameters and laboratory tests indicate active fungal infection has subsided. An inadequate treatment period may lead to recurrence.

Life-threatening situations

PO Give loading dose of 200 mg tid for 3 days. Continue treatment for ³ 3 months and until clinical parameters and laboratory tests indicate active fungal infection has subsided. Inadequate period of treatment may lead to recurrence.

Onychomycosis, toenails with or without fingernail involvement

ADULTS: PO 200 mg/day for 12 consecutive weeks.

Onychomycosis, fingernails only

ADULTS: PO 2 treatment pulses separated by a 3-week period without itraconazole. Each pulse consisting of 200 mg bid for 1 week.

Oropharyngeal candidiasis

ADULTS: PO, oral solution 200 mg (20 ml)/day for 1 to 2 weeks. For patients unresponsive to treatment with fluconazole tablets, 100 mg (10 ml) bid.

Esophageal candidiasis

ADULTS: PO, oral solution 100 to 200 mg/day (10 to 20 ml) for a minimum of 3 weeks. Continue treatment for 2 weeks following resolution of symptoms.

 Interactions

Buspirone: May elevate buspirone plasma concentrations. Adjust buspirone dose as needed. Calcium blockers (eg, amlodipine, felodipine, nifedipine): Edema has occurred with concomitant dihydropyridine calcium blockers. Cyclosporine plus HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors: There are rare reports of rhabdomyolysis in renal transplant patients receiving this drug combination. Increased cyclosporine levels may occur. Monitor cyclosporine levels; reduce cyclosporine dose by 50% when using itraconazole doses > 100 mg/day. Didanosine: May decrease therapeutic effects of itraconazole. Administer itraconazole ³ 2 hours before didanosine. Digoxin: Increased digoxin levels. Monitor frequently. H2-antagonists: Reduced plasma itraconazole levels. Hypoglycemic agents: Hypoglycemia may occur. Monitor blood glucose. Midazolam (oral), triazolam: Elevated plasma levels of these drugs; may potentiate and prolong their hypnotic and sedative effects. Sedative effects of parenteral midazolam may be prolonged. Oral contraceptives: Efficacy may be reduced by itraconazole. Phenytoin: Reduced plasma itraconazole levels; altered phenytoin metabolism. Pimozide, quinidine: Increased levels may result in life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias and death. Do not use with itraconazole. Rifampin: Decreased itraconazole levels with decreased effectiveness. Sulfonylurea: Hypoglycemia may occur. Tacrolimus: Increased tacrolimus plasma concentrations. Warfarin: Increased warfarin levels with possible bleeding.

 Lab Test Interferences None well documented.

 Adverse Reactions

OTHER: Incidence and type of reactions vary depending on usage and route of administration. CV: Hypertension; orthostatic hypotension; vasculitis. CNS: Headache; dizziness; decreased libido; somnolence; vertigo; anxiety; depression; abnormal dreaming. DERM: Rash; pruritus; increased sweating. GI: Nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; abdominal pain; anorexia; flatulence; constipation; dyspepsia; gingivitis; ulcerative stomatitis; gastritis; gastroenteritis; increased appetite; general GI disorders. GU: Impotence; albuminuria; cystitis; abnormal renal function; menstrual disorders. HEPA: Abnormal liver function; elevated liver enzyme; bilirubinemia; ALT increased; hepatic function abnormal; jaundice; AST increased. META: Hypokalemia; alkaline phosphatase increased; BUN increased; hypomagnesemia. RESP: Coughing; dyspnea; pneumonia; sinusitis; sputum increased; rhinitis; upper respiratory tract infection; pharyngitis. OTHER: Edema; fatigue; fever; malaise; myalgia; bursitis; pain; injury; chest pain; back pain; pneumocystis-carinii infection; herpes zoster; application site reaction; vein disorder; asthenia; tremor; hypertriglyceridemia.

 Precautions

Pregnancy: Category C. Lactation: Excreted in breast milk. Weigh benefits to mother against potential risk to infant. Children: Safety and efficacy not established. Patients 6 mo to 16 yr of age have been treated with no serious adverse effects reported; however, the long-term effect in children is unknown. Hepatitis: Rare cases of hepatitis have been reported. HIV-infected patients: Absorption may be decreased in HIV-infected individuals with hypochlorhydria. Renal function impairment: Do not use injection in patients with severe renal dysfunction (creatinine clearance < 30 ml/min).

PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS

 Administration/Storage

  • Do not use capsules and oral solution interchangeably.
  • Administer capsules after a full meal to increase absorption; administer oral solution without food.
  • For injection, use only the components provided in the kit; do not substitute. Not for IV bolus injection.
  • Use only a dedicated infusion line for administration. Do not introduce concomitant medication in the same bag or through the same line.
  • Add the full contents (25 ml) of the ampule into the infusion bag provided.
  • Store at room temperature. Protect from light and freezing. Refrigerate the reconstituted injection or store at room temperature for up to 48 hr.

 Assessment/Interventions

  • Obtain patient history, including drug history and any allergies.
  • Ensure that fungal cultures have been obtained before beginning therapy.
  • Obtain baseline liver function test results. Ensure that liver function tests are performed 2 wk after initial administration. In patients receiving extended drug therapy, repeat these tests at routine intervals to monitor for signs of liver dysfunction.
  • Monitor potassium levels after initial administration and repeat routinely with extended therapy.
  • Notify physician if appetite loss, nausea, vomiting, sleeplessness, signs of liver dysfunction, dark urine, jaundice, or pruritus occur.
  • Report decreased potassium levels to physician and give appropriate supplements as prescribed.

 Patient/Family Education

  • Instruct patient to take drug with or without food, depending on doseform.
  • Tell patient to report the following symptoms to the physician: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, rash, swelling, fever, itching, dizziness, inability to sleep, yellowing skin, pale stools, or dark urine.
  • Instruct patient to notify physician of any medication change.

Popularity: 2% [?]


If you're still unable to find appropriate information in the article, please use search form below